ALTERNATE NAMES: BIXAD [ROM], BIKSZÁD [HUN], BICSAD, BICSAD-BĂI, BICSIARDU, BIKSZÁRD. 47°56' N, 23°24' E, 26 miles ENE of Satu Mare (Szatmár), 22 miles W of Sighetu Marmaţiei (Sziget). Jewish population: 108 (in 1880), 119 (in 1930). Bixad (Hungarian: Bikszád) is a commune of three villages: Bixad, Boineşti (Bujánháza) and Trip (Terep).
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life (2001), p. 154: "Bixad".
- Pinkas HaKehilot, Romania, Vol. 2 (1980), p. 104: "Bixad/Bikszad".
- JewishGen Hungary SIG
- JewishGen Romania SIG
CEMETERY:
The cemetery is located in Bixad, 3921, judet Satu Mare, Romania at 4756 2324, 273.9 miles NNW of Bucharest and 5 km from Negresti Oas. The alternate name is Bikszad (Hungarian.) Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
- Mayor Doda Vasile, Town Hall of Bixad, judet Satu Mare
- The Jewish Community of Satu Mare, Decebal Str. no. 4A, 3900 Satu Mare, Romania, tel. 0040-61-713703
- The Federation of The Jewish Communities of Romania, Sf. Vineri Str. no. 9-11, sect. 3, Bucharest, Romania
- "Dr. Moshe Carmilly" Institute for Hebrew and Jewish History, Universitatii Str. no. 7-9, room 61, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Director: Ladislau Gyemant, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
- "A.D. Xenopol" Institute of History, Lascar Catargi Str., no. 15, 6400- Iasi (judet Iasi), Romania. Tel. 032/212614; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.. Director: Alexandru Zub.
- Key holder and caretaker: Bogdan Grigore, Bixad no. 270
The 1880 Jewish population by census was 108, by 1900 census was 149, and in 1930 was 115. In May 1944, the Jews were gathered in the ghetto of Satu Mare and on May 19, 22, 26, 29, 30, 31, and June 1 were deported to Auschwitz. The cemetery was established in second half of the 19th century Last known burial was 1945 in the unlandmarked Orthodox, (Hasidic) cemetery.
The hill and hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached via private property, access is open to all. A fence with a non-locking gate surrounds the site. Approximate pre-WWII size is unknown. Approximate post-WWII size is 48 x 36 m. 20-100 stones are visible, some not in original location. More than 75% of the stones are toppled or broken. Stones removed from the cemetery are probably in the farms. Vegetation overgrowth in the cemetery is not a problem. Water drainage is good all year.
The oldest known gravestone dates from second half of the 19th century. The 19th century marble, granite, limestone, and concrete flat shaped and smoothed and inscribed gravestones have Hebrew inscriptions. No known mass graves. The local Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery and orchard. Adjacent properties are agricultural and local cemetery. Rarely, private Jewish or non-Jewish visitors stop. The cemetery was not vandalized in the last ten years or occasionally in the last ten years. [sic] Maintenance has been cleaning stones and clearing vegetation. Current care is regular unpaid caretaker. No structures. Weather erosion is a moderate threat.
Claudia Ursutiu, Pietroasa Str. no. 21, 3400 Cluj Napoca, Romania, tel. 0040-64-151073 visited the site and completed the survey in July 2000 using the following documentation:
- Recensamantul din 1880. Transilvania coord.: Traian Rotariu, Cluj 1997.
- Recensamantul din 1900. Transilvania Traian Rotariu, Cluj, 1999
- Recensamantul general al populatiei din 29 decembrie 1930 (The General Census of the Population from December 29, 1930), vol. II, Bucuresti 1938
Recensamintul general al populatiei din Romania din 7 ianuarie 1992 (The General Census of the Population of Romania from January 7, 1992), vol. I, Bucuresti, 1994 - Zsido Lexicon, ed. by Ujvari Peter, Budapest, 1929
- Carmilly-Weinberger, Moshe. History of the Jews of Transylvania (1623-1944), Bucuresti, 1994, in Romanian
- Izvoare si marturii referitoare la evreii din Romania (Sources and Testimonies on the Jews in Romania), vol. III/1-2, coord. L. Gyemant, L. Benjamin, Bucuresti, Ed. Hasefer, 1999
- Gyemant, Ladislau. Evreii din Transilvania in epoca emanciparii, 1790-1867 (The Jews of Transylvania in the Age of Emancipation 1790-1867), Bucuresti, ed, Enciclopedica, 2000
- Coriolan Suciu, Dictionar istoric al localitatilor din Transilvania (The Historical Dictionary of Localities in Transylvania), vol. I-II, Bucuresti, 1967
- Otto Mitelstrass, Historisch-Landeskundlicher Atlas von Siebenburgen, Ortsnamenbuch, Heidelberg, 1992
- Microsoft Auto Route Express 1999
Claudia and Adrian Ursutiu interviewed Mois Ana, Bixad. [January 2003]